Micropropagation of teak (Tectona grandis Linn F.) using economical temporary immersion bioreactors

Abstract

Micropropagation of teak (Tectona grandis Linn F.) allows the asexual multiplication of elite plants in controlled environments. With the use of economical bioreactors of temporary immersion, an innovation generated in the tissue culture laboratory of the Universidad Nacional Agraria, in Managua, Nicaragua, this research was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of growth regulators in apical and axillary buds in the multiplication and rooting phases. This work was developed in three phases after obtaining the in vitro plant material, corresponding to: 1) morphogenic response of stem segments, 2) morphogenic response to plant density and 3) rhizogenic response of stem segments. It was shown that, in teak micropropagation with single apical buds and stem segments with one internode and without apical bud, the average number of leaves was better with the addition of 1.00 mg L^-1 of 6-BAP and 0.10 mg L^-1 of GA₃, while with apical buds with two or three internodes the average number of leaves was higher in the culture medium containing 0.50 mg L^-1 of 6-BAP combined with 0.05 or 0.10 mg L^-1 of GA₃. The planting density of 30 apical buds with two internodes and density of 40 apical or axillary buds achieved higher leaf number. With apical and axillary buds with two internodes, the variables stem length, number of leaves and number of roots, show similar behavior with the additions of 0.25 mg L^-1, 0.50 mg L^-1 and 0.75 mg L^-1 of indole acetic acid, in addition, the category of good vigor is obtained in a higher percentage (60 % - 70 %) with the use of these variants of culture medium.